The result revealed that the Median lethal dose of the plant is greater

than 3000 mg/kg body weight. The treatment of the rats with varying doses of the plant extract for 28 days in this studies resulted in increases in body weight although not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The repeated administration of Semaxanib cell line graded doses of the extract also produces significant (P < 0.05) decreases in the blood sugar levels of the treatment groups compared to their respective day zero values thus justifying its folkloric use as a potential hypoglycaemic agent.”
“P>Nitrate, the major nitrogen source for plants, can be accumulated in the vacuole. Its transport across the vacuolar membrane is mediated by AtCLCa, an antiporter of the chloride channel (CLC) protein family. In contrast

to other CLC family members, AtCLCa transports nitrate coupled to protons. Recently, the different behaviour towards nitrate of CLC proteins has been linked to the presence of a serine or proline in the selectivity filter motif GXGIP. By monitoring AtCLCa activity in its native environment, we show that if proline 160 in AtCLCa is changed to a serine (AtCLCaP160S), the transporter loses its nitrate selectivity, but the anion proton exchange mechanism is unaffected. We also performed in vivo analyses in yeast and Arabidopsis. In contrast to native AtCLCa, expression of Evofosfamide cost AtCLCaP160S does not complement either the Delta ScCLC yeast mutant grown on nitrate BV-6 or the nitrate under-accumulation phenotype of clca knockout plants. Our results confirm the significance of this amino acid in the conserved selectivity filter of CLC proteins and highlight the importance of the proline in AtCLCa for nitrate metabolism in Arabidopsis.”
“P>Use of piggyback technique (PB) and elimination of venovenous bypass (VVB) have been advocated in adult liver transplantation (LT). However, individual contribution of these two modifications on clinical outcomes has not been fully investigated. We performed a retrospective review of 426 LTs within a 3-year period, when three different surgical techniques were employed per the surgeons’ preference: retrohepatic caval resection with VVB (RCR + VVB)

in 104 patients, PB with VVB (PB + VVB) in 148, and PB without VVB (PB-Only) in 174. The primary outcomes were intraoperative blood transfusion and the patient and graft survivals. Demographic profiles were similar, except younger recipient age in RCR + VVB and fewer number of grafts with cold ischemic time over 16 h in PB-Only. PB-Only required lesser intraoperative red blood cells (P = 0.006), fresh frozen plasma (P = 0.005), and cell saver return (P = 0.007); had less incidence of acute renal failure (P = 0.001), better patient survival (P = 0.039), and graft survival (P = 0.003). The benefits of PB + VVB were only found in shortened total surgical time (P = 0.0001) and warm ischemic time (P = 0.0001), and less incidence of acute renal failure (P = 0.