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“Background: Overuse of antibiotics is the main force driving the emergence and dissemination of bacterial resistance in the community. France consumes more antibiotics and has the highest rate of beta-lactam resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae than any other European country. In 2001, the government initiated “”Keep Antibiotics Working”; the program’s main component was a campaign entitled “”Les antibiotiques c’est pas automatique”
(“”Antibiotics are not automatic”) launched in 2002. We report the evaluation of this campaign by analyzing the evolution of outpatient antibiotic use in France 2000-2007, according to therapeutic class and geographic and age-group patterns.
Methods and Findings: This evaluation is based on 2000-2007 data, including 453,407,458 individual reimbursement data records and incidence of flu-like syndromes (FLSs). Data were obtained from the computerized www.selleckchem.com/products/fg-4592.html French National Health Insurance database and provided
by the French Sentinel Network. As compared to the preintervention period (2000-2002), the total number of antibiotic prescriptions per 100 inhabitants, adjusted for FLS frequency during the winter season, changed by -26.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]-33.5% to -19.6%) over 5 years. The decline occurred in all 22 regions of France and affected all antibiotic therapeutic classes except quinolones. The greatest decrease, -35.8% (95% CI -48.3% to -23.2%), was observed among young children aged 6-15 years. A significant change of -45% in the relationship between the incidence of flu-like syndromes and antibiotic prescriptions was observed.
Conclusions: The French BEZ235 concentration national campaign was associated with a marked reduction of selleck chemicals llc unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions, particularly in children. This study provides a useful method for assessing public-health
strategies designed to reduce antibiotic use.”
“PURPOSE: To report 3-year results of the safety and efficacy of canaloplasty, a procedure involving circumferential viscodilation and tensioning of the inner wall of Schlemm canal to treat open-angle glaucoma.
SETTING: Multicenter surgical sites.
DESIGN: Nonrandomized multicenter clinical trial.
METHODS: This study comprised adult open-angle glaucoma patients having canaloplasty or combined cataract canaloplasty surgery. Qualifying preoperative intraocular pressures (IOPs) were at least 16 mm Hg with historical IOPs of at least 21 mm Hg. A flexible microcatheter was used to viscodilate the full circumference of the canal and to place a trabecular tensioning suture. Primary outcome measures included IOP, glaucoma medication use, and adverse events.
RESULTS: Three years postoperatively, all study eyes (n = 157) had a mean IOP of 15.2 mm Hg +/- 3.5 (SD) and mean glaucoma medication use of 0.8 +/- 0.9 compared with a baseline IOP of 23.8 +/- 5.0 mm Hg on 1.8 +/- 0.9 medications. Eyes with combined cataract canaloplasty surgery had a mean 1013 of 13.6 +/- 3.6 mm Hg on 0.3 +/- 0.