Stromal-vascular cells isolated from i.m., s.c., and p.r. adipose tissues of 2 steers were propagated in culture and

exposed to 0 or 250 nM DEX for 48 h. Cell lysates were subjected to GR immunoblot analysis, and immunoreactive protein bands of similar to 97, similar to 62, and similar to 48 kDa were detected and expressed relative to beta-actin immunoreactivity. The abundance of each GR immunoreactive protein was similar among S-V cell populations (P > 0.50). Dexamethasone exposure Autophagy inhibitor decreased the abundance of the similar to 97 and similar to 62 kDa GR immunoreactive bands in S-V cells from the 3 depots (P < 0.001), but did not affect the expression of the similar to 48 kDa band (P = 0.96). Stromal-vascular cells isolated from 3 steers were grown in culture, and upon confluence, were exposed to 0, 25, or 2,500 nM DEX for 48 h. After an additional 10 d in differentiation media, differentiation was determined by glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) specific NU7441 activity and oil red O staining.

The extent of differentiation differed by depot (p.r. > s.c. > i.m.; P < 0.05). Compared with control, 2,500 nM DEX increased GPDH activity in S-V cells from all depots (P < 0.05), and no interaction between depot and DEX concentration was observed (P = 0.99). We observed an adipose tissue depot by DEX concentration interaction (P = 0.03) for S-V cells with large (= 10 mu m-diameter) lipid droplets. The percentage of p.r. S-V cells with large lipid droplets increased in response to DEX in a linear manner (P < 0.02), but only increased greater than control in s.c. cells exposed to 2,500 nM DEX (P = 0.002). Dexamethasone did not significantly increase the percentage of i.m. S-V cells with large lipid droplets (P > 0.27). Collectively, these data demonstrate differences in adipogenic activity among bovine i.m., s.c., and

p.r. S-V cells, but indicate no relationship between adipogenic activity and glucocorticoid receptor abundance or function.”
“Patients with chronic medial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) can be impaired in different tasks Selleckchem VS-6063 that evaluate emotional or social abilities. In particular, the recognition of facial emotions can be affected (Meletti S, Benuzzi F, Rubboli G, et al. Neurology 2003;60:426-31. Meletti S. Benuzzi F, Cantalupo G. Rubboli G, Tassinari CA, Nichelli P. Epilepsia 2009;50:1547-59). To better understand the nature of emotion recognition deficits in MTLE we investigated the decoding of basic emotions in the visual (facial expression) and auditory (emotional prosody) domains in 41 patients. Results showed deficits in the recognition of both facial and vocal expression of emotions, with a strong correlation between performances across the two tasks.