05) in BB and PB starches. Swelling factor (SF) in the temperature range 60 to 85 degrees C and at 90 degrees C followed the order: FB>BB similar to PB and BB similar to PB>FB, respectively. Differences in SF among cultivars of FB and BB starches were more significant (P<0.05) at temperatures below 80 degrees C, whereas, in PB starches, differences among cultivars were more significant (P<0.05) at temperatures above 80 degrees C. Variations in peak viscosity, viscosity breakdown

and set-back were marginal among FB cultivars, but were significant (P<0.05) among BB and PB (PB>BB) cultivars. FR starches were hydrolyzed by 2.2 N HCl at a faster rate than BB and PB starches (BB>PB). The amounts of rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), resistant starch (RS), hydrolysis index (HI) and expected glycemic index (eGI) followed the click here order: FB>BB similar to PB, FB>BB similar to PB, BB similar to PB>FB, FB>BB>PB and FB>BB>PB, respectively. Variations in RDS, SDS. RS, HI and eGI among cultivars followed the order: PB>BB>FB. The in vitro digestibility studies showed that PB and BB starches may be more effective LEE011 manufacturer than FB starches in controlling blood glucose levels. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Sessile growth of anaerobic

bacteria from the human intestinal tract has been poorly investigated, so far. We recently reported data on the close association existing between biliary stent clogging and polymicrobial biofilm development

in its lumen. By exploiting the explanted stents as a rich source of anaerobic bacterial strains belonging to the genera Bacteroides, Clostridium, Fusobacterium, Finegoldia, Prevotella, and Veillonella, the present study focused on their ability to adhere, to grow in sessile mode and to form in vitro mono- or dual-species biofilms. Experiments on dual-species biofilm formation were planned see more on the basis of the anaerobic strains isolated from each clogged biliary stent, by selecting those in which a couple of anaerobic strains belonging to different species contributed to the polymicrobial biofilm development. Then, strains were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy to reveal if they are able to grow as mono- and/or dual-species biofilms. As far as we know, this is the first report on the ability to adhere and form mono/dual-species biofilms exhibited by strains belonging to the species Bacteroides oralis, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium baratii, Clostridium fallax, Clostridium bifermentans, Finegoldia magna, and Fusobacterium necrophorum.”
“We hypothesized that, at a common age endpoint, adipose tissue from corn-fed steers would be less sensitive to insulin than adipose tissue from hay-fed steers. Angus steers were assigned to either a corn-based diet (n = 6) or hay-based diet (n = 6) and fed to common days on feed.