e. a personal digital assistant [6]. All participants fulfilled the diagnostic Rome III criteria for IBS [4] (see Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3). In the second trial, 140 women with CWP

participated in a 4-week inpatient rehabilitation program and were subsequently randomized into two TGF-beta inhibitor groups: an intervention group (completers, n = 48) with, and a control group (completers, n = 64) without a smartphone intervention. Both groups were given access to an informational website after discharge to promote constructive self-management. The smartphone intervention used ACT-principles and consisted of one face-to-face session and 4 weeks of web-based communication [7] (see Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3). The third study was a pilot feasibility study targeting

persons with T2DM. Eleven participants completed the intervention which included individualized written personalized feedback (daily for 4 weeks and weekly for another 8 weeks) based on three daily e-diaries, the provision of audio files with mindfulness and relaxation exercises, and a healthcare tool called the Few Touch Application (FTA), a mobile phone-based system for recording food habits and physical activity [13]. The system provides feedback (smile faces), based on users performance viewed in relation to their personal goals [8] (see selleck inhibitor Table 1 and Table 2). In all studies the intervention group participants completed e-diaries

during several Rucaparib weeks on a PDA or smartphone and received personalized, situational feedback based on their input on the same day. In the e-diaries, the participants registered activities, emotions and pain cognitions three times daily using the mobile device by choosing between predefined options and using scales. A therapist had immediate access to this information through a secure website and used the situational information to formulate and send a personalized message to the participant with the aim of stimulating effective self-management in coping with the current situation (see Table 1). All participants also completed questionnaires at baseline and at 3 or 5-month follow-up, inquiring about distress, symptoms, illness perceptions, quality of life, and experiences with the web-based intervention. To evaluate these tasks the following instruments were used (see Table 2). 1. IBS study: Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) [14], Irritable Bowel Syndrome Quality of Life Questionnaire [15] and Cognitive Scale for Functional Bowel Disorders [16]; The three intervention studies were feasible and evaluated by the participants as supportive and meaningful [6], [8], [22] and [23]. The response rate to the daily registration entries was high even though from time to time participants did encounter technical problems in submitting diaries [6], [8] and [22].