Miniscrews are not a magic wand, but rather a valuable tool to enhance the quality of orthodontic treatment if they are properly used. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. “
“Fracture morphology of maxillofacial trauma is often complex, so the clinicians should be familiar with the imaging findings. Various radiographic methods have been used for

diagnosing maxillofacial trauma. Panoramic tomography is widely used for the screening of orofacial trauma as well as other diseases [1]. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is also used for diagnosing orofacial diseases [2]. However, despite a higher radiation dosage compared to radiography, in craniomaxillofacial injuries, CT is the imaging technique of choice to display the multiplicity of fragments, the rotation and dislocation

degree, or any skull base involvement find more [3]. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) allows high-quality multiplanar reformation selleck kinase inhibitor (MPR) and isotropic viewing; all of which improve the diagnostic power of this imaging modality, thus benefiting maxillofacial trauma patients, and can detect the non-displaced fractures and also provide valuable three-dimensional (3D) morphology of the more complex injuries in maxillofacial trauma [4], [5] and [6]. In recent years, MDCT with MPR and 3D images has become a standard part of the assessment of facial injury because of the exquisite sensitivity of this imaging technique for fracture [7], [8] and [9]. In this review, we will summarize the maxillofacial fractures using MDCT, especially mandibular fractures and midfacial fractures including maxillary Amoxicillin fractures. We will also discuss the temporal bone fractures associated with mandibular trauma and the radiation dose of MDCT. CT was more sensitive than panoramic tomography, particularly for fractures of the angle, ramus, or condyle [10]. Condylar fractures have been detected in 64.8% of all patients with mandibular fractures using MDCT [11]. For other studies, 48.0% of patients with mandibular fractures

had condylar fractures using radiographic examination [12], and condylar fractures accounted for 50.1% of the mandibular fractures using panoramic radiography and CT examinations [13]. We consider that prevalence of condylar fractures using MDCT was higher than those of other reports because of the exquisite sensitivity of MDCT. In this review, mandibular fractures were classified according to the distribution described by Lieger et al. [14] into four types: median, paramedian, angle and condylar types. The most common mandibular fracture site was the condyle (33.6%), followed by the angle (21.7%), and multiple fractures of the mandible were present in 48.6% of patients [15]. Regarding the distribution of mandibular fractures, the majority (25.0%) occurred in the condyle and 23.0% in the angle [16]. The condyle (38.2%) and median (27.0%) were most frequently involved in the mandible [17]. The fracture lines were multiple in 44.